Case-by-case summary
The babies
The seventeen infants known only by court-assigned letters (Child A to Child Q) are the reason the Letby case exists. This page summarises, for each, the charge, outcome, the prosecution’s theory of harm, and the view taken by the February 2025 International Expert Panel. Content is drawn exclusively from court judgments and published expert reports.
Note: The court imposed lifelong anonymity on every family. We use only the court-assigned codes and publicly reported facts. This site does not contact families and does not speculate about private circumstances.
Child A
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 8 June 2015
Gestation: Twin, born ~31 weeks
Prosecution: Air embolism injected intravenously.
Panel: Panel: findings consistent with natural causes in an unstable preterm infant; no objective evidence of air embolism.
Read case detailChild B
Attempted murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Twin sister of Child A
Prosecution: Air embolism attempt.
Panel: Panel: deterioration consistent with the known instability of a surviving preterm twin after sibling death.
Read case detailChild C
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 14 June 2015
Gestation: Extremely preterm (~30 weeks)
Prosecution: Air pushed into stomach via NG tube.
Panel: Panel: no medical evidence of deliberate harm; death consistent with complications of prematurity.
Read case detailChild D
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 22 June 2015
Gestation: Term infant, perinatal sepsis
Prosecution: Air embolism.
Panel: Panel: overwhelming sepsis and related complications fully account for death.
Read case detailChild E
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 4 August 2015
Gestation: Preterm twin
Prosecution: Air embolism / deliberate bleeding from NG tube.
Panel: Panel: evidence points to natural pathology, including possible thrombosis.
Read case detailChild F
Attempted murder (insulin) — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Preterm twin of Child E
Prosecution: Exogenous insulin added to TPN bag.
Panel: Panel / endocrinologists: screening immunoassay result unreliable; no confirmatory testing performed.
Read case detailChild G
Attempted murder x2 — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Survived with severe disabilities
Gestation: Extremely preterm (~23 weeks)
Prosecution: Deliberate over-feeding causing aspiration.
Panel: Panel: serious deterioration entirely expected in a baby of this gestation; no independent evidence of deliberate act.
Read case detailChild H
Attempted murder — not guilty on one count, jury failed to agree on another
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Late preterm
Prosecution: Air embolism / airway interference.
Panel: Panel: natural causes sufficient.
Read case detailChild I
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 23 October 2015
Gestation: Extremely preterm
Prosecution: Repeated air-in-stomach attacks.
Panel: Panel: repeated collapses consistent with evolving NEC or other natural neonatal pathology.
Read case detailChild J
Attempted murder — jury failed to agree
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Preterm
Prosecution: Unspecified act.
Panel: Panel: no medical evidence of deliberate harm.
Read case detailChild K
Attempted murder — convicted at retrial (2024)
Outcome: Transferred, later died of unrelated cause
Gestation: 25 weeks
Prosecution: Dislodged ET tube; Dr Jayaram's eyewitness account.
Panel: Panel: ET-tube dislodgement is a common and expected event at 25 weeks; no evidence of interference.
Read case detailChild L
Attempted murder (insulin) — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Preterm twin
Prosecution: Insulin in feeds.
Panel: Panel / endocrinologists: unreliable screening immunoassay; no confirmation.
Read case detailChild M
Attempted murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Preterm
Prosecution: Air embolism.
Panel: Panel: no medical evidence of deliberate harm.
Read case detailChild N
Attempted murder — jury failed to agree
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Haemophilia carrier, late preterm
Prosecution: Airway interference / injection.
Panel: Panel: symptoms consistent with underlying bleeding disorder.
Read case detailChild O
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 23 June 2016
Gestation: Triplet, term
Prosecution: Air into stomach, liver trauma.
Panel: Panel: described liver findings compatible with vigorous resuscitation (CPR), not deliberate trauma.
Read case detailChild P
Murder — convicted (2023)
Outcome: Died 24 June 2016
Gestation: Triplet brother of Child O
Prosecution: Air into stomach.
Panel: Panel: findings consistent with triplet-pregnancy complications and clinical deterioration.
Read case detailChild Q
Attempted murder — jury failed to agree
Outcome: Survived
Gestation: Preterm
Prosecution: Air into stomach.
Panel: Panel: no medical evidence of deliberate harm.
Read case detail