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April 2026: Thirlwall Inquiry final report due after Easter · CCRC still reviewing 31+ independent expert reports · Shoo Lee Panel (Feb 2025): no medical evidence of deliberate harm.

Lucy Letby Facts

Biography · Prosecution expert

Prof. Peter Hindmarsh

Professor of Paediatric Endocrinology at University College London, and Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist at Great Ormond Street Hospital. Recognised specialist in paediatric growth, pituitary and adrenal disorders. Called by the prosecution at the 2022-2023 Letby trial to give expert endocrinology evidence on the insulin immunoassay results for Babies F and L.

Prosecution expert
Paediatric endocrinology
UCL / Great Ormond Street
Last updated
5 min read

Role in the case

Prof. Hindmarsh gave expert evidence at trial interpreting the Roche Cobas insulin immunoassay results produced by the Royal Liverpool clinical biochemistry laboratory for Babies F and L. His trial evidence supported the prosecution’s theory that the high-insulin-low-C-peptide pattern was diagnostic of exogenous insulin administration.

The post-conviction expert position

The post-conviction clinical-biochemistry and endocrinology community has engaged the insulin evidence in substantial detail. The principal independent position is set out in the May 2025 Joint Expert Witness Insulin Report on Babies F and L, which consolidates the peer-reviewed literature and applies it to the trial record. Key evidential challenges the Joint Report addresses include:

  • The Roche Cobas screening immunoassay’s manufacturer documentation requires confirmatory mass-spectrometry testing for forensic use. That confirmation was not performed.
  • The Baby F reading of 4,657 pmol/L is on the order of adult attempted-suicide values and is physiologically implausible on the prosecution’s theory.
  • The Roche Cobas hook effect at high C-peptide concentrations produces non-linear assay responses that can be misread as exogenous-insulin-dominant.
  • Baby F’s mother likely had gestational diabetes; insulin auto-antibody transfer from mother to infant can cross-react with the assay.
  • Baby L’s mother had Type 1 diabetes; the auto-antibody transfer window is longer.
  • The UK forensic-standard laboratory for insulin assay is Guildford (Royal Surrey); Royal Liverpool does not operate under the Forensic Science Regulator’s code of practice.
  • Sample-handling protocols at Royal Liverpool in 2015-2016 (gel-tube collection, delayed centrifugation) did not meet the forensic standard.
  • No TPN bags were retained or tested.

Dr Adel Ismail (retired consultant clinical biochemist), Prof. Geoff Chase (biomedical engineer, University of Canterbury NZ), and the science4justice.nl insulin-question series (October 2023 onwards) provide the peer-reviewed architecture the Joint Report consolidates.

Why this biography is on the site

This biography is a reference page. Prof. Hindmarsh is a senior UK paediatric endocrinologist; his professional standing is not in question. The review engages his trial-specific interpretation of the Roche Cobas results, not his clinical or academic competence. We identify him here to allow readers to navigate court transcripts, Panel materials, the Joint Insulin Report, and the insulin-assay commentary.

Read alongside

Source

Trial transcripts (2022-2023 R v Letby); Chester Standard contemporaneous coverage; University College London / Great Ormond Street faculty profiles; Joint Expert Witness Insulin Report on Babies F and L (May 2025); science4justice.nl insulin question series (October 2023 onwards); peer-reviewed clinical biochemistry and endocrinology literature on Roche Cobas immunoassay interference.

Last verified: 22 April 2026.